Toyota 4 runner

18-01-2018

1984 was marked by the debut of the revolutionary model from Toyota under the name 4Runner.

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Since then, the car has been replaced for several generations. All generations have their own characteristics, but retain membership in the category of "compact SUV" (or compact SUV). Japanese designers used a simple but very effective American recipe for the creation of SUVs. As the main component took pickup Toyota HiLux equipped with a hard top, coupled with the second row of seats. 4Runner - derived from 4 Wheel Drive (all-wheel drive) and Off-road Runner (off-road runner). It is noteworthy that in the Japanese market, the model received the name of the progenitor Hilux, but with the prefix Surf.

The first generation of this car was available in two versions. One was a utilitarian option. The main part of the cabin occupied the cargo compartment. There were two seats: for the driver and one passenger. But the second modification already had two full rows of seats on which five passengers could comfortably accommodate. As part of the second modification, there was a complete set of SR5, featuring a larger fuel tank and improved trim.

Inherited from the pickup 4Runner got a flip-open rear door with a sliding glass that had no frame (to open the door, you must first lower the glass). This tricky design existed until 1996. Fully dependent front and rear suspension in 1986 were replaced by an independent with double levers on the longitudinal torsion bars. Engines - 2.0 and 2.4 liters (22R - 90 forces, 175N / m) gasoline. A five-speed manual gearbox, a two-speed transfer case and manual freewheels of the front wheels were installed on both versions. In 1988, the 4Runner received a new heart - a three-liter V6 with a capacity of 143 hp. and a torque of 240 Nm at 3400 rpm.

The second-generation 4Runner premiered in mid-1989. This generation was the founder of the new body, which became the 5-door with an all-metal roof. The number of configuration options has increased significantly. 4Runner was equipped with both full and front-wheel drive. The salon was offered in various versions (velor, leather, sunroof). Equipment could be as simple as comfortable, and luxurious. There were all the options necessary for absolute comfort: full power, air conditioning, electric mirrors, etc. The rear window received an electric drive, which lowered it into the fifth door.

In 1992, they made a light restyling of the body, which mainly touched the front and rear lights, dimensions, turn signals and the grille. In 1994, changes were made to the 4Runner’s design that greatly enhanced its passive safety: a side impact protection system appeared, a central brake light and ABS (installed on all vehicles with six-cylinder engines).

More powerful new engines appear: the most common is the gasoline injection engine 3VZ-E (3 liters 145-forces 245N / m V6 2 valves per cylinder). The good old 4-cylinder 22R is updated on the 22R-E and receives 115 forces and 190 N / m. Diesel engines also appeared: 2L-T (90 forces 2.4 l turbo) and from 92 years 1KZ-T (125 forces 300Н / M at 2000 rpm, 3 liters. Turbo).

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Transmission - mechanic or automatic.

The front suspension used only independent torsion bar. Began to install the rear axle friction type (LSD). A system appeared A.D.D, which allowed to abandon the hub couplings. As a basis in the A.D.D. system, there was an electro-pneumatic opening of the front left axis, as a result of which the differential could be opened, and it did not create resistance to movement. Bronze bushings that can withstand heavy loads than needle bearings are used as sliding bearings in the front hubs.

Meanwhile, 4Runner II retained all the advantages of the previous generation, such as a powerful frame, solid ground clearance and energy-intensive suspension, guaranteeing the owner confident movement not only on asphalt.

In 1996, the third generation 4Runner appeared with new engines, chassis, interior, exterior and improved security system. From the model range disappeared three-door body. From the design, the frame and body panels from the pickup were gone. The salon has become much more spacious and has received a richer equipment than previous versions. Standard equipment includes two airbags for the driver and front passenger, belts with pretensioners. The brake system has also undergone a change and received a 4 channel ABS system. In the four years since the launch of the third generation, the list of equipment for the SUV has been supplemented with new rotating regulators of the heating and ventilation system, multi-reflex head lights, a new four-spoke steering wheel, a traction control system and a trip computer. All these changes allowed the Toyota 4Runner to go into the class of more expensive SUVs.

New engines: 5VZ-FE - 24 valve petrol V6 (3.4 l 185 forces, 300 N / M) replaces the 3VZ-E. Four-cylinder engine 3RZ-FE (16-valve, 2.7l 150 forces, 240N / m) replaces the 22R-E. For right-handers (Hilux Surf), the 1KZ-TE diesels come in at 130 hp, and the 1KZ-Ti 3-liter turbo intercooler comes at 145 forces, 345 N / M at 2000 rpm. The power units ensured decent dynamics and confident off-road movement. A chassis with a redesigned independent spring suspension on dual levers and an increased wheelbase significantly improved handling and stability.

Since 1999, the car began to install a new multi-mode transmission, which allowed the use on hard surfaces along with the rear and all-wheel drive.

In 2003, the fourth generation 4Runner was born. The body has become even bigger and more modern. Smooth lines and soft transitions give a docile character, the sharp tilt of the rear pillar and the bulging wheel arches emphasize some sportiness, and the battered tailgate and the massive front bumper indicate that we have a car that is not afraid of off-road. Ground clearance - 231 mm.

The standard version of the Toyota 4Runner received a 4-liter gasoline engine 24 valve V6 VVTi 245 hp, in more expensive configurations it is possible to install an engine of 4.7 liters 32 V8 235 hp valve. In 2004, the V8 engine power was increased from 235 to 260 hp.

Unlike previous models, the fourth-generation 4Runner drive is permanent full. The unbalanced planetary differential of the Torsen system distributes the thrust in a ratio of 40:60 with an emphasis on the rear axle. Using the traction control system, the torque can be redirected depending on the load in the ratio of 29:71 and 53:47 between the front and rear wheels, respectively. On the version with the engine V8 4.7 differential, in addition, you can forcibly block, scattering thrust evenly.

4Runner of this generation is offered in three versions: SR5, Sport Edition and Limited. The Sport Edition is equipped with fog lamps, large front brakes, 17-inch alloy wheels and a Toyota X-REAS suspension, which reduces body roll when cornering. Limited is the leading model of the series, and its package includes the traditional premium-class elements: leather upholstery, dual climate control, and a CD changer.